Sandipan Chowdhury ¹, Animesh K. Datta ¹, Susmita Maity ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani, Kalyani– 741235, IN

Abstract

Morphological mutants in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.; Family : Pedaliaceae) with distinctive marker traits namely leaf of narrow type, elongated, thick, ovate, ternate with long petiole and with white and pigmented flowers induced following X-ray and gamma-ray irradiations showed monogenic recessive inheritance. Control and mutants had 2n = 26 chromosomes always and the chromosomes formed bivalent (control: 12.93/cell, mutant: 12.26/cell to 12.93/cell) and univalents (control: 0.14/ cell; mutant 0.14/ cell to 1.48/ cell) which tended to form variable groups (3 to 10) in 46.81% to 65.20% meiocytes (8 group class being frequent). Univalent frequency/cell was relatively higher in long petiole (1.48/cell). Predominant chromosomal association noted among the plant types was 13 II (control: 92.96%; mutants: 50.00 % to 95.88%). Anaphase I segregation of chromosome was mostly equal (13/13) in the plant types (control: 100.0%, mutant: 98.80% - 100.00%). Pollen fertility was 83.50% in control and varied from 38.90% to 80.20% in the mutants. Pollen fertility and A1 chromosome separation was non-correlated. Analysis of quantitative parameters at M₄ (true breeding plants were assessed by RBD with three replications each) revealed that most of the mutants (thick leaf, narrow leaf, elongated leaf) were beneficial for their direct selection, while the others may be exploited in cross breeding programme.

Keywords

Sesame, Mutants, Marker Traits, Cytogenetics and Agronomical Features.

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Sandipan Chowdhury ¹, Animesh K. Datta ¹, Aditi Saha ², Susmita Maity ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Botany, Genetics & Plant Breeding Section, Univ. of Kalyani, Kalyani – 741235, IN
2 Dept. of Botany, Narasinha Dutt College, Howrah – 711101, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

Radiation (X-ray and gamma rays ) induced two productive oil rich 'plant type' mutants of sesame (Sesamum indicum L., var - B-67, family: Pedaliaceae) namely lax branching (angle of divergence 30.50° to 32.35° of primary branches in relation to main axis; control: 19.60° - 22.75°) and small flower (length: mutant - 2.83 cm ± 0.14, control - 4.0 cm ± 0.01, breadth: mutant 1.53 ± 0.03, control - 1.83cm ± 0.03) were cytogenetically (meiosis more or less alike to control, 2n= 26; mutant traits were monogenic recessive to normal) and qualitatively assessed (seed yield and fatty oil contents were significantly higher in the mutants than parental cultivar but protein contents were lower; yield related traits namely total branches per plant, capsule on main axis and capsule length and plant height enhanced in small flower and lax branching mutants respectively than control) at M4 (rain fed kharif season). Lax branching and control plant types were given in multilocational trial (four districts - North 24 Parganas, Burdwan, Birbhum and Nadia of West Bengal) to assess seed yield and seed oil and protein contents, and the results obtained were discussed.

Keywords

Sesame, Macromutants, Oil Rich, Seed Yield, Protein Content, Multilocational Trial

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Sandipan Chowdhury ¹, Animesh K. Datta ¹, Aditi Saha ², Sonali Sengupta ³, Rita Paul ⁴, Susmita Maity ¹, Ananya Das ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Botany, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani, Kalyani – 741235, IN
2 Dept. of Botany, Narasinha Dutt College, Howrah – 711 101, W.B., IN
3 P.G. Dept. of Botany, Hoogly Mohosin College, Hoogly, W.B., IN
4 Dept. of Botany, Charuchandra College, Kolkata – 700 029. W.B., IN

Abstract

For ascertaining component (s) maximizing yield, 21 genotypes (parental cultivar and 20 macromutants) of sesame (Sesamum indicum. L., var - B-67, Family: Pedaliaceae) were analyzed based on genetic parameters viz. genetic variability, character association and path analysis considering seven yield related traits (plant height, number of primary branches/plant, total branches/plant, distance from base to first branching, capsules on main axis, total capsules/plant and capsule length) and yield (seed yield/seed protein content/seed fatty oil content) in rainfed kharif season of West Bengal plains. Total capsule per plant is predicted to be the most important selection criterion. For assessment of variation in yield attributes, 6 desirable plant types (parental cultivar and five mutants) were given multilocational trial under four different agroclimatic conditions and the results obtained are discussed and the better plant types are predicted.

Keywords

Sesamum indicum L, Yield Related Traits, Multilocational Trial, Agroclimatic Conditions

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